Staunton District Traffic Alert for September 9 - 13, 2024

Highway Work Zones in the VDOT Staunton District

VDOT Crew Replacing Bridge with a Box Culvert
VDOT culvert replacement

STAUNTON – The following is a list of highway work that may affect traffic in the Staunton transportation district during the coming weeks. The Staunton District consists of 11 counties from the Alleghany Highlands to the northern Shenandoah Valley: Alleghany, Bath, Rockbridge, Highland, Augusta, Rockingham, Page, Shenandoah, Frederick, Clarke and Warren.

Scheduled work is subject to change due to inclement weather and material supplies. Motorists are advised to watch for slow-moving tractors during mowing operations. When traveling through a work zone, be alert to periodic changes in traffic patterns and lane closures.

*NEW* or *UPDATE* indicates a new or revised entry since last week’s report.

 

ALLEGHANY COUNTY

*UPDATE* Mile marker 6 to 7, eastbound and westbound – Left lane closures for shoulder repairs, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday and Thursday.

*NEW* Mile marker 16 to 27, eastbound – Right shoulder closures for ditch work, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Friday.

*NEW* Mile marker 24 to 26, eastbound and westbound – Right lane closures for inspection of bridges over Sioux Avenue, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Wednesday.

*NEW* Mile marker 34 to 37, eastbound and westbound – Shoulder closures for inspection of the bridge over Route 269/850 (Longdale Furnace Road/North Mountain Road), 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Tuesday.

PRIMARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 269 (Longdale Furnace Road) – Flagger traffic control in the area of the I-64 interchange for inspection of interstate overpass bridges, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Tuesday.

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for tree and debris removal, drainage work, pothole patching, brush cutting, ditching and shoulder repairs. Mobile traffic control for tractor mowing. Weekdays from 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m.

SECONDARY ROADS

Route 619 (Hayes Gap Road) – Road closed to through traffic between Route 616 (Rich Patch Road) and Route 657 (Pitzer Ridge Road) for pipe replacement, 8 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. weekdays through September 16.

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for ditch work, shoulder repairs, pothole repairs, pipe replacement and brush cutting. Mobile traffic control for tractor mowing. Weekdays from 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m.

 

BATH COUNTY

PRIMARY ROADS

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for shoulder repairs and pipe cleaning, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

SECONDARY ROADS

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for brush cutting and pipe cleaning, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

 

ROCKBRIDGE COUNTY

INTERSTATE 64

No lane closures reported.

INTERSTATE 81

Mile marker 185 to 189, northbound – Overnight alternating lane closures for paving operations, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. Sunday through Thursday nights through September 26.

*NEW* Mile marker 201 to 205, northbound – Right shoulder closures for shoulder and drainage work, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday and Tuesday.

PRIMARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 11 (Lee Highway) – Shoulder closures near Route 130 (Wert Faulkner Highway) intersection for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.    

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for pipe replacement, ditch work, tree removal, shoulder repairs, pavement patching and brush cutting. Mobile lane closures for mowing, 7:30 to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

SECONDARY ROADS

*NEW*Route 665 (Cold Run Drive) – No through traffic between Route 669 (Whistle Creek) and Route 1501 (Mount Vista Drive) for a bridge replacement over Whistle Creek, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. through Tuesday. Follow posted detour.

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for grading, pipe replacement, ditch work, tree removal, pavement patching, shoulder repairs and brush cutting. Mobile lane closures for mowing, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

 

HIGHLAND COUNTY

PRIMARY ROADS

*UPDATE* Route 250 (Mountain Turnpike/Highland Turnpike) – Flagger traffic control between Route 614 (Cowpasture River Road) and Route 637 (Dug Bank Road/Maple Sugar Road) for tree removal operations, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday.

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for pothole patching, brush cutting and shoulder repairs, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

SECONDARY ROADS

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for brush cutting, pipe cleaning, tree removal, adding stone to unpaved roads and ditch work, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

 

AUGUSTA COUNTY

INTERSTATE 64

Mile marker 87 to 89, eastbound and westbound – Overnight alternating lane closures including narrowing of Exit 87 off-ramp for pavement treatment, 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. nights through September 26.

*NEW* Mile marker 95 to 96, eastbound – Overnight right lane and shoulder closures for installation of traffic equipment, 7 p.m. to 5:30 a.m. Monday through Friday nights.

*UPDATE* Mile marker 97 to 99, eastbound – Right shoulder closures for shoulder repairs, 7 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Monday through Thursday.

*NEW* Mile marker 98 to 100, eastbound – Right shoulder closures for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

INTERSTATE 81

*NEW* Exit 213, southbound – Overnight off- and on-ramps closed as needed for paving operations, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. nights September 15 to 26. Follow posted detour.

Mile marker 219 to 224, northbound and southbound – Overnight right lane and shoulder closures including along Exit 221 off-ramp for resurfacing operations, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. nights through September 26.

*UPDATE* Mile marker 220 to 222, northbound and southbound – Southbound slow-roll closures (rolling roadblocks) 11 p.m. to 5 a.m. Monday and Tuesday nights. Shoulders closed 24/7. Traffic restrictions are for bridge replacement and roadway construction as part of I-81 southbound auxiliary lane project. Work zone speed limit 60 miles an hour. Expected completion summer 2025.

*UPDATE* Mile marker 221 to 227, northbound and southbound – Left-lane closures northbound for equipment access, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. Monday night. Right and left shoulder closures 24/7 through spring 2026. Work zone speed limit 60 miles an hour. Traffic restrictions are for I-81 widening project.

*UPDATE* Mile marker 227 to 229, northbound and southbound – Overnight alternating lane closures for bridge maintenance, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. through September 26.

*UPDATE* Mile marker 236 to 237, northbound – Overnight alternating lane closures for maintenance to Route 994 (Dices Spring Road) overpass bridge, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. nights through September 26.

PRIMARY ROADS

Route 11 (Lee Highway) – Overnight alternating lane closures and flagger traffic control as needed between Route 781 (Bald Rock Road/Mill Race Road) and Staunton city limits for milling and paving operations, 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. nights through September 12.

*NEW* Route 42 (Little Calfpasture Highway) – Flagger traffic control between Route 685 (Lehigh Road) and Route 1130 (East Village Lane) for paving operations, 6:30 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. through September 23. 

*UPDATE* Route 250 (Three Notched Mountain Highway), westbound – Overnight right lane closures between the I-64 overpass and the exit 99 on/off ramp intersection for installation of traffic equipment, 7 p.m. to 5:30 a.m. Monday through Thursday nights.

Route 256 (Weyers Cave Road) – Overnight flagger traffic control between Route 772 (Sulfur Pump Road) and Route 865 (Rockfish Road) for maintenance to bridge over Middle River, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. nights through September 12.

Route 262 (Woodrow Wilson Parkway) – Southbound overnight alternating lane closures between Route 11 (Lee Highway) interchange and I-81 exit 220 interchange including ramp narrowing for pavement resurfacing operations, 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. nights through September 26.

*NEW* Route 285 (Tinkling Spring Road) – Flagger and pilot-truck traffic control between Route 1315 (Wilson Lane) and Route 250 (Jefferson Highway) for paving operations, 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. September 10 to September 26 nights.

Route 285 (Tinkling Spring Road) – Northbound right shoulder closure between Foursquare Lane and Route 1315 (Wilson Lane) for commercial entrance construction, 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. through September 13.

SECONDARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 608 (Long Meadow Road) – Flagger and pilot-truck traffic control between Route 797 (Miller Road) and Route 641 (Fishersville Road) for paving. Potential for 24-hour operations September 15 through October 11.

*NEW* Route 610 (Howardsville Turnpike) – Temporary road closures between Route 633 (Patton Farm Road) and Route 855 (Mill Creek Lane) for overhead utility work, 9 a.m. to 2:30 p.m.

Route 624 (South Delphine Avenue, Waynesboro) – Shoulder closures between South Oak Lane and Chinquapin Drive for work related to construction of Waynesboro Southern Corridor, through May 2025.

Route 635 (Barterbrook Road) – Closed between I-81 frontage roads (FR-217 and FR-218) for bridge replacement as part of I-81 southbound auxiliary lane project. Follow posted detour. Expected completion summer 2025.

Route 640 (Goose Creek Road) – Northbound shoulder closures between Route 834 (Hickory Hill Road) and Route 285 (Tinkling Spring Road) for commercial entrance construction, 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. through September 13.

*NEW* Route 644 (Frontier Drive) – Flagger and pilot-truck traffic control between Route 11 (Lee-Jackson Highway) and Staunton city limits for paving operations, 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. September 10 to September 27 nights.

Route 664 (Mount Torrey Road) – Occasional flagger traffic control between Route 624 (Lyndhurst Road) and Route 610 (Howardsville Turnpike) for utility work, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. through September 30.

Route 664 (Lyndhurst Road, Waynesboro) – Shoulder closures between Miami Avenue and Purdue Street for work related to construction of Waynesboro Southern Corridor, through June 2025.

Various roads – Mobile traffic control for mowing operations. Flagger traffic control for drainage work, tree removal, shoulder repairs, pavement patching and brush cutting, 7:30 to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

 

ROCKINGHAM COUNTY

INTERSTATE 81

Mile marker 242 to 248, northbound and southbound –. Overnight alternating lane closures as needed, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. through December 2026. Overnight slow-roll closures as needed, 11 p.m. to 5 a.m. Expect delays. 24/7 shoulder closures. Traffic restrictions are related to Route 33 bridge and interchange project.

*UPDATE* Mile marker 244 to 248, northbound and southbound – Overnight lane closures or daytime shoulder closures including along Exit 245 off-ramps for rock and soil testing, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. for nighttime work and 8 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. to daytime work. Estimated completion October 10.

*NEW* Mile marker 245 to 253, northbound and southbound – Right shoulder closures for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

Exit 245, southbound – Right shoulder closures along entrance ramp for debris removal, 7 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. through Tuesday.

Mile marker 251 to 262, northbound – Right shoulder closures for ditch cleaning, 7 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Tuesday through Thursday.

PRIMARY ROADS

Route 11 (North Valley Pike/Lee Highway) – Flagger traffic control between Northwood Lane and Route 765 (Gravels Road) for curb and gutter installation, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. through November 1.

Route 33 (Rawley Pike) – Flagger and pilot-truck traffic control between Dry Run Road and Switzer Lake Road for road widening project, 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. through December.

Route 33 (East Market Street, Harrisonburg) –Overnight alternating eastbound and westbound closures between Vine Street/Hawkins Street and Terri Drive due to bridge work, 7 p.m. to 5 a.m. nights through January 2026. Shoulder closures 24/7. Work zone speed limit 25 miles an hour with automated speed enforcement. Traffic restrictions are for Route 33 bridge replacements and interchange improvement.

Various roads – Mobile traffic control for mowing operations. Flagger traffic control for pipe replacement, ditch work, tree removal, shoulder repairs, pavement patching and brush cutting, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

SECONDARY ROADS

Route 646 (Bloomer Springs Road) - Overnight flagger traffic control between Route 602 (Spotswood Trail) and Route 644 (Resort Drive) for paving operations, 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. through September 12.

Route 727 (Sangersville Road) –Flagger traffic control between Route 613 (Spring Creek Road) and Route 42 (Warm Springs Pike) for paving operations, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. through September 13.

*NEW* Route 754 (South Branch Road) – Temporary road closures for overhead utility work between Route 340 (East Side Highway) and Route 630 (Little Gap Road), 9 a.m. to 2:30 p.m.

Route 1208 (Mill Street) –Flagger traffic control between Route 1202 (Sunset Drive) and Route 1207 (High Street) for paving operations, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. through September 13.

Route 1209 (Thompson Street) –Flagger traffic control between Route 1204 (Ashby Street) and Route 1207 (High Street) for paving operations, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. through September 13.

Route 1210 (Stovers Street) –Flagger traffic control between Route 1204 (Ashby Street) and Route 1205 (Summit Street) for paving operations, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. through September 13.

 

PAGE COUNTY

PRIMARY ROADS

Various roads – Mobile traffic control for mowing operations. Flagger traffic control for pipe replacement, ditch work, tree removal, shoulder repairs, pavement patching and brush cutting, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

SECONDARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 638 (Aylor Grubbs Avenue) – Flagger traffic control between Route 635 (Forest Drive) and Luray town limits for paving operations, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. September 11 to September 20.

Route 658 (Pass Run Road) – Closed to through traffic through September 13 between Route 340 and Route 648 (Sandy Hook Road) due to bridge replacement.

Various roads – Flagger traffic control for brush cutting and pipe cleaning, 7:30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays.

 

SHENANDOAH COUNTY

INTERSTATE 81

*NEW* Mile marker 267 to 268, northbound and southbound – Overnight lane closures for inspection of Quicksburg Road overpass bridge, 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. Thursday night.

*NEW* Mile marker 271 to 273, northbound and southbound – Overnight alternating lane closures for maintenance to bridges over Mill Creek and Route 263, 8 p.m. to 7 a.m. through September 19.

*NEW* Mile marker 278 to 280, southbound – Right shoulder closures for spill cleanup, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday.

*NEW* Mile marker 283 to 284, northbound and southbound – Overnight lane closures for inspection of Route 42 (West Reservoir Road) overpass bridge, 8 p.m. to 5 a.m. Wednesday night.

Mile marker 287 to 289, northbound and southbound – Overnight alternating lane closures for maintenance to Route 600 and Route 625 bridges, 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. through September 20.

PRIMARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 11 (Main Street, Woodstock) – Northbound overnight single lane closure near Reservoir Road intersection for soil and rock testing, 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. nights through September 26.

*NEW* Route 11 (Main Street, Woodstock) – Flagger traffic control between Route 675 (Edinburg Gap) and Lakeview Drive for tree trimming, 7 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Monday through Friday.

*UPDATE* Route 11 (Main Street, Woodstock) – Flagger traffic control between Hughes Street and Indian Spring Road for utility work, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. through Monday.

Route 11 (Old Valley Pike) – Northbound and southbound overnight alternating lane closures for paving operations between Route 663 (Artz Road) and Rockingham County line, 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. nights through September 29.

*NEW* Route 42 (Reservoir Road) – Northbound overnight single lane closure near the I-81 overpass for soil and rock testing, 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. nights from September 15 to September 26.

*NEW* Route 42 (Senedo Road) – Flagger and pilot-truck traffic control between Route 263 (Orkney Grade) and Route 688 (Oak Ridge Road) for paving operations, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. September 9 to September 20.

*NEW* Route 211 (Lee Highway) – Eastbound and westbound alternating lane closures for inspection of the bridge over Smith Creek, 8 a.m. to 11 a.m. Monday.

SECONDARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 601 (Battlefield Road) – Right shoulder closures near Route 696 (Racey Lane) for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

*NEW* Route 730 (Caverns Road) – Flagger traffic control between Route 11 (Old Valley Pike) and the I-81 ramp for inspection of the bridge over North Fork Shenandoah River, 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. Tuesday.

*NEW* Route 757 (Copp Road) – Right shoulder closures near Route 601 (Battlefield Road) for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

 

FREDERICK COUNTY

INTERSTATE 81

*NEW* Mile marker 315 to 313 – southbound right shoulder closures for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

Mile marker 317 to 319, northbound and southbound – Overnight right lane closures as needed for extension of exit 317 northbound entrance ramp and southbound exit ramp, 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. through night of September 26.

PRIMARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 11 (Martinsburg Pike) – Shoulder closures between Route 66` (Welltown Road) and Route 838 (McCanns Road) for traffic signal work, 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tuesday to Friday. *UPDATE* Route 11 (Valley Pike/Main Street) – Overnight flagger traffic control between Route 1005 (School Street, Stephens City) and Route 638 (Vaucluse Road) for paving operations, 7 p.m. to 6 a.m. through Thursday night.

*NEW* Route 37 – Right lane and shoulder closures for inspection of the Winchester Medical Center overpass bridge, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tuesday.

*NEW* Route 522 (Frederick Pike) – Southbound left lane closure near Route 608 (Old Bethel Church Road) for tree removal, 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Tuesday.

Route 522 (Front Royal Pike) – Alternating lane closures northbound and southbound between Route 644 (Paper Mill Road) and Route 277 (Lord Fairfax Highway) for ditching operations, 7 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Wednesday to Friday. 

SECONDARY ROADS

*UPDATE* Route 627 (Reliance Road) – Shoulder closures just east of I-81 interchange for shoulder widening, 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. through Friday.

*NEW* Route 659 (Valley Mill Road) – Flagger traffic control between the I-81 on/off ramp and Route 656 (Greenwood Road) for paving operations, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. September 11 to September 20.

Route 661 (Redbud Road) – Flagger traffic control between Route 662 (Milburn Road) and Route 660 (Woods Mill Road) for road maintenance, 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. through December 31.

Route 662 (Milburn Road) – Flagger traffic control at various locations between Route 661 (Redbud Road) and Route 761 (Old Charles Town Road) for road maintenance, 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. through December 31.

Route 842 (South Buckton Road) – Shoulder closures just south of Route 627 (Reliance Road) for utility work, 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. through September 27.

 

CLARKE COUNTY

PRIMARY ROADS

*UPDATED* Route 7 (Harry Byrd Highway) – Overnight alternating lane closures between Route 7 Business (West Main Street) and Route 608 (Parshall Road) for paving operations, 6 p.m. to 4 a.m. through Thursday night.

Route 7 (Harry Byrd Highway) – Eastbound right lane closures between Route 7 Business (West Main Street) and Route 679 (Pine Grove Road) for utility work, 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. through November 1.

Route 7 (Harry Byrd Highway) – Eastbound right lane closures between Route 612 (Quarry Road) and Route 603 (Castleman Road) for turn lane construction, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. through September 26.
Route 7 (Harry Byrd Highway) – Eastbound and westbound single lane closures between Route 606 (River Road) and Route 601 (Blueridge Mountain Road) for safety enhancement project. Eastbound lane closures 9 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. weekdays. Westbound lane closures between 8 p.m. and 1 p.m. weekdays or weeknights. Estimated completion October 31.

*NEW* Route 7 Business (West Main Street) – Flagger traffic control between Route 7 Business (West Main Street) and Route 7 (Harry Byrd Highway) for utility work, 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. through November 1.

*NEW* Route 17/50 (John Mosby Highway) – Northbound right shoulder closures for sign work at various locations between Route 255 (Bishop Meade Road) and Frederick County line, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

*NEW* Route 340 (Lord Fairfax Highway) – Southbound right shoulder closures approaching intersection with Route 17/50 (John Mosby Highway) for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

*NEW* Route 340 (Lord Fairfax Highway) – Flagger traffic control near the Route 7 (Harry Byrd Highway) ramps for inspection of the Route 7 overpass bridges, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday.

SECONDARY ROADS

No lane closures reported.

 

WARREN COUNTY

INTERSTATE 66

Mile marker 0 to 13, eastbound and westbound – Shoulder closures including along Exit 6 off-ramp for utility work, 7:30 a.m. to 7 p.m. through September 30.

Mile marker 7 to 15, eastbound and westbound – Right shoulder closures for utility work, 7:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. through September 30.

*NEW* Mile marker 14 to 15, eastbound – Right shoulder closures for utility work, with daytime and nighttime work hours possible. Estimated completion September 27.

*NEW* Mile marker 15 to 13 – westbound right shoulder closures for sign work, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday through Friday.

INTERSTATE 81

No lane closures reported.

PRIMARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 55 (John Marshall Highway) – Flagger traffic control near Route 724 (Pleasant Vale Road), alternating work hours - 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. or 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. through September 27.

Route 340/522 (Winchester Road) – Southbound right shoulder closures of on-ramp to westbound I-66 for utility work, 7:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. through September 30.

SECONDARY ROADS

*NEW* Route 604 (Harmony Hollow Road) – Flagger traffic control between Route 522 (Remount Road) and Route 671 (Harmony Orchard Road) for pipe maintenance, 7:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Monday through Friday.

*NEW* Route 614 (Hunt Road) – Flagger traffic control between Route 55 (Strasburg Road) and Route 626 (Totten Lane) for pipe maintenance, 7:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. Monday through Friday.

Route 658 (Rockland Road) – Closed to through traffic between Route 340/522 (Winchester Road) and Route 705 (Fishnet Boulevard) for construction of bridge over Norfolk Southern Railway. Estimated completion December 2025.

 

Vegetation management may take place district wide on various routes. VDOT reminds motorists to use extreme caution when traveling through work zones.

For updated traffic alerts and traveler information, dial 511 or visit https://www.511virginia.org.

Obtain traffic alerts and traveler information by dialing 511 or visiting 511Virginia.org. For other assistance, call the VDOT Customer Service Center, available 24 hours-a-day, seven days a week. Citizens can dial 1-800-FOR- ROAD (1-800-367-7623) from anywhere in the state to report road hazards, ask transportation questions, or get information related to Virginia’s roads.

The VDOT Staunton District is on Facebook and X (Twitter). Follow VDOT statewide accounts on Facebook, Flickr, X and YouTube. The VDOT Web page is at https://vdot.virginia.gov/.

(END)

Last updated: November 15, 2024

Alert Icon

Please note that this file is not ADA compliant. Choose one of below options: